Khoáng Thạch

Gemstones in the Elements class:

• DIAMOND
• MOISSANITE

Gemstones in the Oxides class:

• CORUNDUM
Variety: RUBY Variety: SAPPHIRE
• CHRYSOBERYL
Variety: ALEXANDRITE Variety: YELLOW-GREEN CHRYSOBERYL Variety: CAT'S EYE CHRYSOBERYL
• PERICLASE
• SPINEL
• TAAFFEITE

Gemstones in the Carbonate class:

• AZURITE (often in combination with malachite)
• MALACHITE
• RHODOCHROSITE (both massive and crystalline)
• SINHALITE (a borate mineral)

Gemstones in the Phosphate class:

• APATITE
• BRAZILIANITE
• TURQUOISE

Gemstones in the Silicate class:

• ANDALUSITE
• AXINITE
• BENITOITE
• BERYL
Variety: AQUAMARINE Variety: EMERALD Variety: GOSHENITE Variety: HELIODOR Variety: MORGANITE Variety: RED BERYL
• CORDIERITE
Variety: IOLITE
• DIOPSIDE
• EUCLASE
• THE GARNETS:
• ALMANDINE
• ANDRADITE
Variety: DEMANTOID
• GROSSULAR
Variety: HESSONITE Variety: TSAVORITE
• PYROPE
• SPESSARTINE
• UVAROVITE
• JADE (a variety of two minerals: Jadeite and Nephrite)
• KORNERUPINE
• OLIVINE
Variety: PERIDOT
• QUARTZ
  

  Crystalline Varieties:

  Variety: AMETHYST (violet)

  Variety: CITRINE (yellow to orange)

  Variety: PRASIOLITE (green)

  Variety: ROCK CRYSTAL (colorless)

  Variety: ROSE QUARTZ (pink)

  Variety: SMOKY QUARTZ






(gray to black)

Cryptocrystalline (CHALCEDONY) Varieties:






Variety: AGATE (banded)
Variety: BLOODSTONE (green with red flecks)
Variety: CARNELIAN (orange to yellow)
Variety: CHRYSOPRASE (green)
Variety: JASPER (boldly patterned, multi-color)
Variety: ONYX (black/white/banded)
Variety: SARDONYX (golden-brown/white banded)


• PECTOLITE






Variety: LARIMAR
• SCAPOLITE






• SPODUMENE






Variety: KUNZITE Variety: HIDDENITE
• TITANITE (also known as sphene)






• TOPAZ






• THE TOURMALINES:






• ELBAITE
Variety: INDICOLITE
• ZIRCON






• ZOISITE






Variety: TANZANITE

Gemstones in the Mineraloids class:

• AMBER
• OPAL
• TEKTITES
Variety: MOLDAVITE

Precious Metals (in the Elements class):

• GOLD
• PLATINUM
• SILVER